Illinois Central / Gulf & Ship Island 2-8-0 "Consolidation" Type Locomotives

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Class Details by Steve Llanso

Class 19 (Locobase 12419)

Data from the locomotive diagram published on Vernon Beck's website -- http://home.earthlink.net/~vnlbeck/D/d6512.tif (accessed 22 March 2003). Works numbers were 17838 in June 1900 and 17856 in July.

Locobase 5487 shows a couple of Consolidations delivered to the Kansas City & Connecting Railroad at the same time. This pair was originally ordered by the Omaha, Kansas City & Eastern, the KC & C's successor, but that line apparently canceled.

In 1912, the G & SI sold the 41 to the Louisiana Railroad & Navigation as their 89. The LR & N was called the Edenborn Line after its sole owner - Edenborn. Connelly

Nine years later, locomotive rebuilder/reseller Southern Iron & Equipment bought the aging 42. SI & E sold it about a year later to the Tennessee Railroad as their 28. Several years later the TRR sold the 28 to Birmingham Rail & Locomotive, which sold the engine in April 1934 to the Mexican sugar-refining company Azucarera Almeda.

Class 3 (Locobase 6964)

Data from G & SI 1922 and IC 9 - 1928 Locomotive Diagram books supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Works numbers were 15135 in December 1896, 15856 in April 1898, 17691-17692 in April 1900, 17899-17900 in July, 18364-18365 in October, 18959 in April 1901, and 18960 in May.

This Consolidation class might have been among the first to operate on the line.

Four of the engines (31, 32, 33, and 37) appear to be the only locomotives kept by the IC when that railroad took over the G & SI.

As it trended southwest from Jackson, the G & SI divided Mississippi roughly in half as it headed to the new town of Gulfport. If the three branches -- Gulfport to Handsboro (4 mi), Maxie to Columbia (48 mi), and Saratoga to Laurel (41 mi) -- are included, total line mileage was 253 miles. Fifteen years after its charter was awarded, the G & SI opened the Gulfport to Hattiesburg section (70 mi) on 1 January 1897.

Sam Lindsey, writing on http://www.samlindsey.com/Logging/GSI/GSI_History ... (accessed 9 October 2005), summarizes the substantial benefits that Mississippi derived from supporting this line: "...the railroad more than fulfilled its promise. It gave the state a deep-water harbor, more than doubled the population of towns along its route, built the City of Gulfport and made Hattiesburg a railroad center."

The line operated as a subsidiary of the Illinois Central beginning in the mid-1920s; the IC later erased the G & SI's independent identity in 1946.

Class 601, 603 (Locobase 7015)

Data from IC 1911 Locomotive Data and 1913a Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. See also "Consolidation Engine: Illinois Central Railroad" Engineering, Vol 57, No 2 (12 January 1894), pp. 42-43. Works numbers were 4510-4511, 4567-4571, 4582-4591, 4598-4600, 4611-4612 in 1891; 4710-4717, 4730-4733, 4735-4736, 4847 in 1892.

The first two Consolidations in this large class had 51" drivers. Obviously the IC preferred the greater speed possible with taller drivers over the tractive effort increase afforded by smaller drivers. The look of the profile is unusual in that the gap between the first two driving axles is 6' 9" while the spacing between the last 3 driving axles is 5' and 5'. Perhaps that was necessitated by the inside valve gear layout. The long Belpaire firebox lay over the last two axles.

Little changed in service, the 611, 613, 621-622, and 628 were scrapped in February 1916 and 619 followed a month later. The first two in the class were sold for scrap to Briggs and Turivas in October 1929. The others all were sold to the Nacional de Mexico in February 1921 where they were renumbered 1003-1032.

Class 639 (Locobase 5336)

Data from table in AERJ July 1903. Also see IC 1911 Locomotive Data and 1913a Locomotive Diagrams supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

This was a big example of a turn-of-the-century Consolidation in North America; in every respect it occupied the top 5% in weight and dimensions. The Belpaire firebox heating surface included 31 sq ft of arch tubes. Page 34 of The Scientific American's Reference Book of 1905 by Albert Allis Hopkins, Alexander Russell Bond (p 34) quotes R Wells of the IC as saying that the specifications of this class was that they could haul 2,000-ton trains over a ruling grade of 38 ft to the mile (0.75%).

The authors also indulged in a speculation over how many of the 2-8-0s could pull the ocean liner Oceanic at 22 1/2 mph. The answer was 8 on land, but the resistance offered by water limited the locomotives to walking speed if they were to tow the ship on the water.

Class 641 (Locobase 6975)

Data from the IC 1913ca Locomotive Diagram book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

A quartet of Cookes (works #28686-28689) among all the IC Consolidations. These were later superheated; see Locobase 6976.

Class 641 - s (Locobase 6976)

Data from the IC 1913ca Locomotive Diagram book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

Like the other IC superheated upgrades, this quartet was fitted with Baker valve gear. Unlike the others, however, the small boiler meant a relatively large sacrifice of heating surface area when the superheater was added. Locobase figures that a relatively low axle loading meant that the upgrade put more power into branch-line operations where most other locomotives couldn't go.

Class 648 (Locobase 6980)

Data from the IC 1911 Locomotive Data book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

Like the Cooke trio, these were lightly loaded locomotives that operated on branch-line freights. Unlike the Cookes, these much smaller engines were not superheated later.

Class 651 (Locobase 6970)

Data from the IC 1913ca Locomotive Diagram book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

The diagram shows that Rogers delivered all of these Consolidations except 687-698, which Schenectady supplied in 1903. Tube counts varied among batches: 651-670, 687-698, 705-730, and 761-785 held 335 2" tubes; 671-680 and 699-704 had 331; and 731-760, for some reason, had 294 tubes.

Compared to other US 2-8-0s of the time, the IC engines were in the top third of heating surface areas, but had relatively shallow fireboxes. They were in the middle of the pack in terms of adhesion weight. The IC's superheated update is shown in Locobase 6971.

Class 651 -s (Locobase 6971)

Data from the IC 4 - 1930 Locomotive Diagram book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

This upgrade was similar to that of the IC 651-class Moguls described in Locobase 6969 in using the same number of similar-diameter flues for the superheater. They were longer, which increased superheater area. But this was a more extensive changeover. Slide valves were replaced by 9" piston valves; these were driven by Baker radial valve gear. As superheated Consolidations went, this design was about average.

Class 793 (Locobase 6972)

Data from the IC 4 - 1930 Locomotive Diagram book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

The IC added to its Consolidation stud with this long series from Brooks. The first batch -- works #30052-30076, road #812-836 -- came in 1904. 38148-38169 arrived in 1905 as 844-865, 40360-40392 as 866-904 in 1906, 42431-42437 and 43424-43455 completed the series as 793-799 and 909-940. Most later received thermic syphons, which added 52.2 sq ft to the 177 sq ft of firebox heating surface.

Class 941 (Locobase 6973)

Data from the IC 4 - 1930 Locomotive Diagram book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection. Works numbers were 33739-33740, 33768-33769, 33798-33799, 33809, 33838 in September 1909; 33965-33970 in October; 34036-34037, 34061-34062 in November; 35832, 35973-35975, 35983, 35985 in January 1911; 36077-36083, 36104-36112, 36147-36153 in February; 36158-36159, 36177-36180 in March.

The last of a large holding of Consolidations were these Baldwins of considerably larger dimensions. Note the boiler's tube count, which at over 400 tubes, is one of the most crowded. Piston valves measured 12" in diameter

Many of these were superheated; see Locobase 6974.

Class 941 - s (Locobase 6974)

Data from the IC 4 - 1930 Locomotive Diagram book supplied in May 2005 by Allen Stanley from his extensive collection.

The large boiler of the original saturated-steam Baldwin Consolidations shown in Locobase 6973 proved relatively capacious when the IC superheated this class. As a result, superheater area was proportionately larger than many other upgrades. At the same time, the relatively puny firebox heating surface gained 48 sq ft of syphons. They retained the 12"-diameter piston valves.


Specifications by Steve Llanso
Class193601, 603639641641 - s648651651 -s793941941 - s
Locobase ID12419 6964 7015 5336 6975 6976 6980 6970 6971 6972 6973 6974
RailroadGulf & Ship Island (IC)Gulf & Ship Island (IC)Illinois Central (IC)Illinois Central (IC)Illinois Central (IC)Illinois Central (IC)Illinois Central (IC)Illinois Central (IC)Illinois Central (IC)Illinois Central (IC)Illinois Central (IC)Illinois Central (IC)
Whyte2-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-02-8-0
Road Numbers19-20 / 41-423, 6, 15-18, 21-26 / 30-39601-638639641-644641-644648-650651-785651-785793-800, 811-940941-993941-957, 959-993
GaugeStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStdStd
BuilderBurnham, Williams & CoBurnham, Williams & CoRogersRogersAlco-CookeICManchesterseveralICAlco-BrooksBaldwinIC
Year190018961891189919031920190219021920190419091920
Valve GearStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonStephensonBakerStephensonStephensonBakerStephensonStephensonBaker
Locomotive Length and Weight
Driver Wheelbase14'14.71'16.75'16.25'15'15.33'14'16'16'17'17'17'
Engine Wheelbase22.08'21.75'24.42'24.42'23'23'21.33'24.25'24.25'26'25.67'25.67'
Ratio of driving wheelbase to overall engine wheebase 0.63 0.68 0.69 0.67 0.65 0.67 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.65 0.66 0.66
Overall Wheelbase (engine & tender)48.25'48.81'56.87'56.71'51.61'48.54'56'57.87'57.40'57.64'57.64'
Axle Loading (Maximum Weight per Axle)59300 lbs49190 lbs57100 lbs
Weight on Drivers132000 lbs94000 lbs118600 lbs184800 lbs158900 lbs161000 lbs118000 lbs163000 lbs178650 lbs181000 lbs200900 lbs214050 lbs
Engine Weight148000 lbs116000 lbs137300 lbs203000 lbs178900 lbs183100 lbs132000 lbs183000 lbs199210 lbs203500 lbs223000 lbs238200 lbs
Tender Light Weight83000 lbs80000 lbs80000 lbs147600 lbs147600 lbs102000 lbs99350 lbs147600 lbs147600 lbs145000 lbs135050 lbs135050 lbs
Total Engine and Tender Weight231000 lbs196000 lbs217300 lbs350600 lbs326500 lbs285100 lbs231350 lbs330600 lbs346810 lbs348500 lbs358050 lbs373250 lbs
Tender Water Capacity4000 gals3300 gals3850 gals5000 gals7000 gals5000 gals3000 gals7000 gals7000 gals7000 gals7000 gals7000 gals
Tender Fuel Capacity (oil/coal)8 tons7.5 tons10 tons15 tons8 tons8 tons15 tons15 tons15 tons14 tons14 tons
Minimum weight of rail (calculated) on which locomotive could run55 lb/yard39 lb/yard49 lb/yard77 lb/yard66 lb/yard67 lb/yard49 lb/yard68 lb/yard74 lb/yard75 lb/yard84 lb/yard89 lb/yard
Geometry Relating to Tractive Effort
Driver Diameter46"50"56.50"57"51"51"51"56.50"56.50"63"63"63"
Boiler Pressure180 psi180 psi165 psi210 psi200 psi200 psi185 psi200 psi200 psi200 psi200 psi200 psi
Cylinders (dia x stroke)20" x 26"18" x 24"21" x 24"23" x 30"22" x 26"22" x 26"20" x 24"20" x 28"20" x 28"22" x 30"22" x 30"22" x 30"
Tractive Effort34591 lbs23795 lbs26273 lbs49698 lbs41947 lbs41947 lbs29600 lbs33699 lbs33699 lbs39181 lbs39181 lbs39181 lbs
Factor of Adhesion (Weight on Drivers/Tractive Effort) 3.82 3.95 4.51 3.72 3.79 3.84 3.99 4.84 5.30 4.62 5.13 5.46
Heating Ability
Firebox Area203 sq. ft119.22 sq. ft168 sq. ft252 sq. ft149.30 sq. ft175.40 sq. ft150.82 sq. ft162 sq. ft162 sq. ft229.20 sq. ft177 sq. ft225 sq. ft
Grate Area26.33 sq. ft20.80 sq. ft28.45 sq. ft38.50 sq. ft48 sq. ft48 sq. ft31.02 sq. ft54 sq. ft54 sq. ft50 sq. ft49.50 sq. ft49.50 sq. ft
Evaporative Heating Surface2241 sq. ft1287 sq. ft1623 sq. ft3208 sq. ft2767 sq. ft1513 sq. ft1939 sq. ft2702 sq. ft2140 sq. ft2999 sq. ft3691 sq. ft2701 sq. ft
Superheating Surface440 sq. ft458 sq. ft634 sq. ft
Combined Heating Surface2241 sq. ft1287 sq. ft1623 sq. ft3208 sq. ft2767 sq. ft1953 sq. ft1939 sq. ft2702 sq. ft2598 sq. ft2999 sq. ft3691 sq. ft3335 sq. ft
Evaporative Heating Surface/Cylinder Volume237.05182.07168.69222.37241.89132.26222.19265.39210.19227.21279.64204.64
Computations Relating to Power Output (More Information)
Robert LeMassena's Power Computation473937444694808596009600573910800108001000099009900
Same as above plus superheater percentage47393744469480859600118085739108001274410000990011781
Same as above but substitute firebox area for grate area365402146027720529202986043148279023240038232458403540053550
Power L147533996397861795221943748536497130826595728115166
Power MT317.53374.88295.78294.86289.75516.89362.68351.49645.75321.31319.60624.81

Reference

Credits

Introduction and roster provided by Richard Duley. Class details and specifications provided by Steve Llanso of Sweat House Media.